The establishment of Makkah:
The history and building of Makkah is directly connected to Prophet Ibraaheem 
as he was the first person to settle his family in it when he left his wife Haajar and his son Ismaa’eel there in compliance with the command of Allaah for him to do so.
as he was the first person to settle his family in it when he left his wife Haajar and his son Ismaa’eel there in compliance with the command of Allaah for him to do so.
Imaam Al-Bukhaari 
reported on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbaas 
in the long narration in which the Prophet 
informed us that Ibraaheem once came with his wife Haajar and his son Ismaa’eel
who was still a suckling infant, from ancient Syria to Makkah. At that
time, Makkah had no water and nobody residing in it. Ibraaheem
took them both under the shade of a tree and left with them a bag of
dates and a flask of water, then headed back to ancient Syria. As he was
leaving, his wife Haajar called to him, saying: “Where are you going?
How can you leave us in this deserted valley that has neither humans nor
anything else (in terms of life)?” She repeated this a few times but he
did not reply, so she asked: “Did Allaah command you to do this?”
Ibraaheem replied: “Yes” Thereupon she said: “Then He shall never forsake us”.
reported on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbaas in the long narration in which the Prophet informed us that Ibraaheem once came with his wife Haajar and his son Ismaa’eel
who was still a suckling infant, from ancient Syria to Makkah. At that
time, Makkah had no water and nobody residing in it. Ibraaheem
took them both under the shade of a tree and left with them a bag of
dates and a flask of water, then headed back to ancient Syria. As he was
leaving, his wife Haajar called to him, saying: “Where are you going?
How can you leave us in this deserted valley that has neither humans nor
anything else (in terms of life)?” She repeated this a few times but he
did not reply, so she asked: “Did Allaah command you to do this?”
Ibraaheem replied: “Yes” Thereupon she said: “Then He shall never forsake us”.
Ibraaheem
walked for a while and then stood upon a small hill, raised his hands
in supplication, and said, as Allaah informs us saying (what means): “Our
Lord! I have settled some of my descendants in an uncultivated valley
near Your sacred House, our Lord, that they may establish prayer. So
make hearts among the people incline toward them and provide for them
from the fruits that they might be grateful.” [Quran 14:37]
walked for a while and then stood upon a small hill, raised his hands
in supplication, and said, as Allaah informs us saying (what means): “Our
Lord! I have settled some of my descendants in an uncultivated valley
near Your sacred House, our Lord, that they may establish prayer. So
make hearts among the people incline toward them and provide for them
from the fruits that they might be grateful.” [Quran 14:37]
Allaah blessed Haajar and her son with
the well of Zamzam, and then people came from all directions and resided
in Makkah. The first tribe to reside there was the tribe of Jurhum
among whom Ismaa’eel grew up and from whom he married.
grew up and from whom he married.
Ibraaheem
came many times to Makkah to check upon their condition, and later
Allaah commanded him to build the Ka’bah; Allaah says (what means): “And
[mention] when Ibraaheem (Abraham) was raising the foundations of the
House and [with him] Ismaa’eel (Ishmael), [saying]: 'Our Lord! Accept
[this] from us. Indeed, You are the Hearing, the Knowing.'” [Quran 2:127]
came many times to Makkah to check upon their condition, and later
Allaah commanded him to build the Ka’bah; Allaah says (what means): “And
[mention] when Ibraaheem (Abraham) was raising the foundations of the
House and [with him] Ismaa’eel (Ishmael), [saying]: 'Our Lord! Accept
[this] from us. Indeed, You are the Hearing, the Knowing.'” [Quran 2:127]
Allaah also says (what means): “And
[O Muhammad], when We designated for Ibraaheem (Abraham) the site of
the House, [saying] “Do not associate anything with Me and purify My
House for those who perform Tawaaf (circumambulation of the Ka’bah) and
those who stand [in prayer] and those who bow and prostrate.” [Quran 22:26]
جزاك الله كل خير ووفقك في عملك وجعل مثواك الجنة.
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